Symptoms of thyroid cancer, hyperactivity and silent disorders of the gland

 Symptoms of thyroid cancer, hyperactivity and silent disorders of the gland

At the base of your neck is the small thyroid gland (thyroid gland), which looks like a butterfly and wraps around your windpipe. This amazing organ controls your body's metabolism, which is the way your body uses energy. It also helps in regulating other bodily functions, such as growth and development. Today I will talk to you about the symptoms of thyroid cancer, hyperactivity, and the silent disorders of the thyroid gland.

Thyroid hormones:-

There are three hormones secreted by the thyroid gland:

1. Triiodothyronine, also known as T3.

2. Tetraiodothyronine, also called thyroxine or T4.

3. Calcitonin.

"Strictly speaking, only T3 and T4 are the proper thyroid hormones. They are made in what are known as the follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid gland." Iodine is necessary for every hormone and is something we get from our diet.

The pituitary gland (a pea-sized gland located in the brain) signals the thyroid gland when it secretes more or less hormones. Calcitonin is slightly different because it is made by C cells and is involved in calcium levels and bone metabolism.

Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism:-

When the thyroid gland is not working well, there are many potential side effects, such as:

• Fatigue - Feeling tired is a very common symptom.
• Increased sensitivity to cold.
• Hair loss.
• Unexplained weight gain.
• Weakness with muscle and joint pain.
• Pale, dry or itchy skin.
• Difficulty concentrating or remembering.
• brittle nails
• feeling depressed
• Excessive or prolonged menstrual bleeding.
• Tongue enlargement.
• Constipation.

Thyroid disease can be easily diagnosed with a simple blood test and can be treated with medication. There are many thyroid medications available. It can be difficult to diagnose hyperthyroidism because symptoms can mimic other health problems. Older adults may not have any signs or symptoms.

Risk factors for hyperthyroidism:-

Risk factors include:

• family history
• females.
• Personal history or certain chronic diseases - type 1 diabetes, pernicious anemia, primary adrenal insufficiency, certain autoimmune diseases.
• Age - middle-aged adults are most common.
• smoking.
• Radioactive iodine therapy.

Medical conditions related to hyperthyroidism:-

There are several diseases caused by excess T4 secretion.

• Graves' disease - most common, runs in families, and is more common in women.
• Plummer's disease - toxic multinodular goiter, iodine deficiency is the cause.
• Thyroiditis - swelling or inflammation of the thyroid gland.

Complications of thyroiditis include:

1. Heart problems - rapid heart rate, atrial fibrillation that increases the risk of stroke

2. Osteoporosis - Osteoporosis occurs if the thyroid gland is not treated, as T4 interferes with calcium for the bones

4. Eye problems. 

5. Skin redness or swelling - with Graves' disease.

6. Thyrotoxic crisis - sudden intensification of all symptoms (fever, heart rate fact

Graves' ophthalmopathy can be a problem, especially if you are a smoker. Signs and symptoms include:

• dry eyes;
• swollen or red eyes;
• Prominent eyeballs.
• Sensitivity to light, decreased eye movement.
• Blurry or double vision.
• Excessive tears, discomfort in one or both eyes.

Treatment for hyperthyroidism is anti-thyroid medications that interfere with the production of thyroid hormones. Sometimes radioactive iodine therapy is used because it destroys the cells that make thyroid hormones. Surgery is used to remove part or all of the thyroid gland when treatment has failed. Beta-blockers may also be prescribed to slow a fast heart rate.

Additional thyroid disease.

Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland and can cause an enlarged thyroid gland. If you notice a lump just below your Adam's apple, you should see a doctor. Hashimoto's disease actually causes hypothyroidism. It is most common in women, usually middle-aged. Hypothyroidism is often the way this disorder is diagnosed.

Thyroid cancer can occur with papillary thyroid cancer being the most common. There is a specific genetic mutation that may be the cause. There is medication available for people who live near a nuclear power plant, as this is a dangerous factor.

Conclusion:

Hypothyroidism is a common but easily treatable condition. If you have symptoms of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, see your doctor. These conditions are more easily treated when caught early

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